Tag Archives: Thessalonians

Jesus’ Second Coming: A Historical Perspective

Jesus told his disciples, as recorded by Matthew at 10:23, 16:27-28 and 24:34, that he would return before some of his listeners, ‘this generation’, had passed away.

Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever! He is the unchanging One, the only constant in this crazy world. The alpha and omega, the first and the last!

His integrity is critical. If he made one mistake or false prophecy, everything else he said would be suspect.

The Bible defines a false prophet as one who prophesies events that do not come to pass. If someone prophesied that a specific event/s would occur at a specific date or time and that time were to come and go without the event happening, he could legitimately be labelled as a false prophet.

But the prophet who speaks a word presumptuously in My name, a word which I have not commanded him to speak, or which he speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet shall die.’ And if you say in your heart, ‘How will we recognise the word which the Lord has not spoken?’ When the prophet speaks in the name of the Lord, and the thing does not happen or come true, that is the thing that the Lord has not spoken. The prophet has spoken it presumptuously; you are not to be afraid of him. Deuteronomy 18:20ff.

Jesus made many, many promises to his disciples. Some of these promises were prophecies about his second coming. For example:

When you are persecuted in one town, flee to the next. I tell you the truth, the Son of Man will return before you have reached all the towns of Israel. Matthew 10:23

That was part of Jesus’ instructions to his disciples.  And that happened!

For the Son of Man will come with his angels in the glory of his Father and will judge all people according to their deeds. And I tell you the truth, some standing here right now will not die before they see the Son of Man coming in his Kingdom.” Matthew 16:27-28.

That happened too! And then Jesus, after pronouncing the woes upon the leaders of Jerusalem, said:

“Therefore, I am sending you prophets and wise men and teachers of religious law. But you will kill some by crucifixion, and you will flog others with whips in your synagogues, chasing them from city to city. As a result, you will be held responsible for the murder of all godly people of all time—from the murder of righteous Abel to the murder of Zechariah, son of Barachiah, whom you killed in the Temple between the sanctuary and the altar. I tell you the truth, this judgment will fall on this very generation. Matthew 23:34-36. We know all those things actually happened –exactly as we read in the New Testament! They are history.

And then only days before his passion

I tell you the truth, this generation will not pass from the scene until all these things take place. Matthew 24:34.

And yes, all those things Jesus spoke about in Matthew 24 were in the near future, but they happened in the 1st century! All of them! And before his generation had died out!

How can we know this?

Read Paul’s 1st letter to the Thessalonians 1, verse 10 written about AD 65, certainly within ‘this generation’:

 And they speak of how you are looking forward to the coming of God’s Son from heaven—Jesus, whom God raised from the dead. He is the one who has rescued us from the terrors of the coming judgment.

What judgment did Paul mean? These believers suffered persecution from the unbelieving Jews in their community. So we read 1 Thessalonians 2:14-16:

And then, dear brothers, you suffered persecution from your own countrymen. In this way, you imitated the believers in God’s churches in Judea who, because of their belief in Christ Jesus, suffered from their own people, the Jews.  For some of the Jews killed the prophets, and some even killed the Lord Jesus. Now they have persecuted us, too. They fail to please God and work against all humanity as they try to keep us from preaching the Good News of salvation to the Gentiles. By doing this, they continue to pile up their sins. But the anger of God has caught up with them at last..

Ask yourself this question: if those Thessalonians were wrong by expecting Jesus to come within their lifetime, why didn’t Paul correct them? Why didn’t he write to them saying, ‘no, you’ve got it wrong, Jesus won’t be coming for a long, long, time!’

But Paul did not correct them. Instead, he continued to encourage them as he wrote this letter to encourage them and then followed it with another letter, which we call Second Thessalonians, with further encouragements.

So why do you, dear reader, still expecting Jesus to return soon or in the future? That is logically impossible if you trust Paul’s letters to be the word of God. Paul reports similarly in Romans 12, 1 Corinthians 10, 2 Corinthians, Philippians 2 and in his other letters.

And then there are what Peter wrote and James as well. They all expected Jesus to come very soon.

I know it is so difficult to throw off false teaching that has taken such a hold on Christians everywhere, such that people, including theologians, call Paul into question, saying that Paul was just wrong.

But why are the apostles of Christ, men filled with the Holy Spirit, the ones who are wrong? Why is it that we can be persuaded to think that Paul and the others were in error, rather than to question our own underlying premise of what we have been taught?

Who is it that is wrong – the apostles or the teaching of men that we have been exposed to?

What is more probable: that our understanding is wrong or that Paul’s was right? And if not only Paul was wrong, but that Jesus must have lied to his disciples living in the first century, that he was coming back soon, before their generation had all gone.

Or if men teach that he was mistaken, as C S Lewis did when writing in his book The World’s Last Night’, are they then not anti-Christ?

Where do you stand? What do you think?

Let’s look at the ‘Rapture’ Passage

1 Thessalonians 4:16-17

For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. 17 After that, we who are still alive and are left will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air.

The Lord descends from heaven

Paul expected the Lord to descend but he was silent as to just where. Not the earth, and certainly not to Jerusalem.

Who are the ‘still alive and remain’?

The word ‘and’ is not in the original text. That could mean the ones who are still alive will remain in the world and not taken away supernaturally (see John 17:15). Or the term “remain” could also indicate those who continue to hold on to their faith despite trials and tribulations.

What does ‘caught up’ mean? 

The phrase “caught up” (Greek harpazō) and derivatives occurs 14 times in the New Testament. It can mean to seize (John 6:15), catch, pluck (John 10:28), pull, forcibly take (Mat 12:29, Acts 23:10). It does not have to mean “up”. The YLT translates the Greek harpagesomethain 1 Thes 4:17 as “caught away.” Does it convey the sense of any abduction here? No, “it combines the ideas of force and suddenness seen in the irresistible power of God” (Leon Morris, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Rev Edition, 1984, p. 94).

Paul wrote to the Corinthians of his experience of being “caught up (or away) to Paradise” (2 Cor 12:2-4). He told them about a supernatural experience he had fourteen years prior –that’s around AD 41-42. He describes being caught up to the third heaven, the dwelling place of God and angels, hearing things that cannot be revealed. He was caught into the spiritual realm. But he remained on the ground.

Meaning of ‘in clouds’

Not the clouds we see daily in the sky, but clouds of God’s glory in the spiritual realm—see Daniel 7:13, Matthew 17:5-8, 24:30, 26:63-64, Acts 1:9, Rev 1:7, 11:12, etc.  The text in v17 mentions clouds and air for the meeting site, not Earth. Note also that heaven is not mentioned—simply “in the clouds.” The destination of this “forceful catch” must be supplied by the larger biblical and theological contexts.

Meaning of ‘to meet the Lord’

The word Paul used for meet is very significant. The Greek apantēsis occurs only four times in the NT. The other places are Matthew 25:1 and 6 and Acts 28:15.

Matthew 25:1, 6. . . . . .  ‘Look the bridegroom is coming! Come out and meet him

When Christ returns they will not rise up into heaven from where he came, but will be escorted to earth where he will set up his eternal spiritual kingdom.

Acts 28:15a. [They] had heard we were coming and they came to meet us at the Forum . . . .

They did not go back to where Paul had come from, then disappear for years.

The Greek word used for ‘meet’ is most often synantó. However apantēsis is used by Paul. In the papyri it describes a newly arriving magistrate. “It seems that the special idea of the word was the official welcome of a newly arrived dignitary” (Moulton, Greek Test. Gram. Vol. I, p. 14). The citizens of the city would go out to meet the dignitary and joyfully bring him back with them to the city, not back to where he came from.

The dignitary in Mat 25 is the bridegroom (Jesus) and in Acts 28 it is Paul. But in 1 Thes 4:17 it is the Lord. This ‘meeting’ is not up in heaven but movement across the land on earth and not upwards is indicated!

In the gospels we read about many followers of Jesus went outside the city of Jerusalem with palm branches to greet Jesus as he entered the city. This was the ancient custom in welcoming someone important by going out and then escorting them back into the city.

What is meant by ‘air’                                                                                       

The Greek word aer is not the air we breathe but the spiritual realm. See also Ephesians 2:2 in which satan is described as the ‘prince of the power of the air’. In that spiritual realm both those raised, together with those remaining at his coming will be with the Lord forever.

The word aer is infrequent in the NT. Paul could have used the Greek οranos which has a different meaning than aer.  The word aer refers to the lower, dense air as distinguished from the higher and rarer air, the “heavens” as οranos can also be translated heavens, heavenly, and heaven (218 times).  Paul chose to use the word that refers as a rule to the lower atmospheric region—where people live and breathe!

It’s time to think logically, rationally

If all the apostles believed in a literal ‘rapture’ event, it would be mentioned in all of their letters. But out of all the over 100 references in the NT which mention Jesus’ imminent return, only this letter, mentions anything like a so-called ‘rapture’. Surely that is enough evidence to show that this teaching is spurious.

If I tried to make a teaching that was based on just one passage in the New Testament I would be mocked, ridiculed and ignored.

Since 1 Thessalonians 4:17 is the only clear and direct reference rapture teachers can use, why do people accept it? Peer pressure? If 90% of Christians believe it, then it must be OK? Whole denominations, churches, bible colleges, pastors, authors, movies seemingly deploy any manner of manipulative, dramatic emotionalising in order to promote this notion. There’s a price to pay if one dares to go against the mob. You can be called crazy, a heretic, or be excluded from fellowship, or lose friends. I speak from experience.

Are you expecting Jesus to return? That is logically impossible if you trust Paul’s letters are the Word of God. If his coming was near, soon, for Paul’s readers, how can it near for us?